Instead, the flashcards are designed for kids to make phoneme-grapheme connections. Our flashcards are NOT intended to be used this way. In the past, kids were handed flashcards and told to memorize these words. This is the way to teach irregular words that is scientifically based and most effective! Some refer to this as heart word method, where we memorize the irregular parts ‘by heart.’ This anchors the regular portions in the brain and only requires memorizing the irregular portion. This is the irregular portion of the word, and that portion of the spelling must be memorized by heart.īut regardless of whether the word is decodable or has irregular parts, we still explicitly teach the word using orthographic mapping. Notice how the middle sound we hear – /ĕ/ – does not match the letters we see – ai. The first sound is /s/ = s, /ĕ/ = ai, /d/ = d. □□ For example, in the word ‘said’ we hear three sounds. (The good news is that most of these words only include one irregular part). The other 25% of high-frequency words include irregular spelling patterns that require explicit teaching of that irregular part. Kids who know these letters/sounds should be able to see the letters, say the sounds, and blend the sounds together to read the word accurately. Each sound is represented by the common spelling /w/ = w, /ĕ/ = e, /n/ = n, /t/ = t. □□ For example, in the word ‘went’ we hear four sounds. The good news is about 75% of high-frequency words are perfectly decodable, where the sound we hear is represented by letter (or letters) that match the sound. When this happens over and over again, the brain is able to store the word and it becomes a ‘sight word.’ We orthographically map words by making letter-sound connections. It is the process we use to take an unfamiliar printed word and turn it into an immediately recognizable word”. Kilpatrick (2015) describes orthographic mapping as “the mental process we use to permanently store words for immediate, effortless retrieval. Whether a word is perfectly decodable or whether it includes an irregular part, we teach high-frequency words in the same research-based way by using orthographic mapping.
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